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Domain Name
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A domain name is a
"unique" name used to identify and locate
computers on the Internet by providing a
system of easy-to-remember Internet
addresses which are translated by DNS
(Domain Name Servers) into numeric IP
(Internet Protocol) addresses used by the
Internet.
An Internet domain
name
is unique, allows you to have an "identity"
on the Internet, adds value to your Internet
presence and is therefore of great value to
you and/or your organisation. These names
are not just for businesses or organisations
- many people register names for their own
personal use.
The names are typically
allocated by the domain registrars on a
"first come, first served" basis - currently
in excess of 100,000 names are being
registered per month!
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Name
Registrars
A domain
name registrar is an organisation that holds the central
records (database) for all the domains they administer.
They are often government owned or sponsored.
The central
registrar for .com, .net and .org names is Network
Solutions (used to be InterNic).
The central
registry for .co.uk, .org.uk, .me.uk, .ltd.uk, .plc.uk
and .net.uk names is Nominet.
The central
registry for .gov.uk and .ac.uk names is UKERNA.
The central
registry for .uk.com, .uk.net , .gb.com, .eu.com, .gb.net,
.us.com, .de.com is CentralNic.
Domain
Name System (DNS)
DNS is the
name service for Internet addresses that translates
friendly names to numeric Internet Protocol (IP)
addresses. For example, "www.microsoft.com" translates
to 198.105.232.6.
The DNS is
basically a large database which resides on various
computers and it contains the names and IP addresses of
various hosts on the internet and various domains. The
DNS is used to provide information to the Domain
Name
Service to use when queries are made. The service is the
act of querying the database, and the system is the data
structure and data itself.
DNS consists
of the following components:
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Domains: A domain is a logical group of
computers in a large network.; |
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· Access
to each computer in a given group is controlled by
the same server; |
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· Distributed
Database: A distributed database is an archive
of information about the computers in a network; |
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Name
Servers: A name server contains address
information about other computers on the network.
This information can be given to client computers
that make a request to the name server; |
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· Clients:
A client requests information from the servers. In a
domain name system, the client requests network
addressing information from the name servers; |
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· Resolver:
A resolver provides clients with address information
about other computers on the network. |
| Internet |
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